{Knowing} (eidotes). Second perfect participle of eidon
(oida), giving the reason for the previous exhortation to glory
in tribulations. He gives a linked chain, one linking to the
other (tribulation 	hlipsis, patience hupomon(885c), experience
dokim(885c), hope elpis) running into verse  5 . On dokim(885c), see
 2Co 2:9 .