{Branches} (klad(936e)). From kla(935c), to break. {Were broken
off} (exeklasth(8873)an). First aorist passive indicative of
ekkla(935c). Play on the word klados (branch) and ekkla(935c), to
break off. Condition of first class, assumed as true. Some of the
individual Jews (natural Israel) were broken off the stock of the
tree (spiritual Israel). {And thou} (kai su). An individual
Gentile. {Being a wild olive} (agrielaios (936e)). This word, used
by Aristotle, occurs in an inscription. Ramsay (_Pauline
Studies_, pp. 219ff.) shows that the ancients used the wild-olive
graft upon an old olive tree to reinvigorate the tree precisely
as Paul uses the figure here and that both the olive tree and the
graft were influenced by each other, though the wild olive graft
did not produce as good olives as the original stock. But it
should be noted that in verse  24  Paul expressly states that the
grafting of Gentiles on to the stock of the spiritual Israel was
"contrary to nature" (para phusin). {Wast grafted in}
(enekentristh(8873)). First aorist passive indicative of
enkentriz(935c), to cut in, to graft, used by Aristotle. Belongs "to
the higher _Koin(825f)" (literary _Koin(825f)) according to Milligan.
{Partaker} (sunkoin(936e)os). Co-partner. {Fatness} (piot(8874)os).
Old word from pi(936e) (fat), only here in N.T. Note three
genitives here "of the root of the fatness of the olive."