約翰福音 13章1節 到 13章1節     上一筆  下一筆
 {Now before the feast of the passover} (pro de t(8873) heort(8873)
tou pascha). Just before, John means, not twenty-four hours
before, that is our Thursday evening (beginning of 15th of Nisan,
sunset to sunset Jewish day), since Jesus was crucified on Friday
15th of Nisan. Hence Jesus ate the regular passover meal at the
usual time. The whole feast, including the feast of unleavened
bread, lasted eight days. For a discussion of the objections to
this interpretation of John in connexion with the Synoptic
Gospels one may consult my _Harmony of the Gospels_, pp. 279-84,
and David Smith's _In the Days of His Flesh_, Appendix VIII. The
passover feast began on the 15th Nisan at sunset, the passover
lamb being slain the afternoon of 14th Nisan. There seems no real
doubt that this meal in  Joh 13:1-30  is the real passover meal
described by the Synoptics also ( Mr 14:18-21  Mt 26:21-25  Lu
22:21-23 ), followed by the institution of the Lord's Supper.
Thus understood verse  1  here serves as an introduction to the
great esoteric teaching of Christ to the apostles ( Joh
13:2-17:26 ), called by Barnas Sears _The Heart of Christ_. This
phrase goes with the principal verb (8867)ap(8873)en (loved). {Knowing}
(eid(9373)). Second perfect active participle, emphasizing the full
consciousness of Christ. He was not stumbling into the dark as he
faced "his hour" (autou h(8820)h(9372)a). See  18:4  19:28  for other
examples of the insight and foresight (Bernard) of Jesus
concerning his death. See on  12:23  for use before by Jesus.
{That he should depart} (hina metab(8869)). Sub-final use of hina
with second aorist active subjunctive of metabain(935c), old word,
to go from one place to another, here ( 5:24  1Jo 3:14 ) to go
from this world ( 8:23 ) back to the Father from whom he had come
( 14:12,28  16:10,28  17:5 ). {His own which were in the world}
(	ous idious tous en t(9369) kosm(9369)). His own disciples
( 17:6,9,11 ), those left in the world when he goes to the
Father, not the Jews as in  1:11 . See  Ac 4:23  1Ti 5:8  for the
idiom. John pictures here the outgoing of Christ's very heart's
love (chs.  Joh 13-17 ) towards these men whom he had chosen and
whom he loved "unto the end" (eis telos) as in  Mt 10:22  Lu
18:15 , but here as in  1Th 2:16  rather "to the uttermost." The
culmination of the crisis ("his hour") naturally drew out the
fulness of Christ's love for them as is shown in these great
chapters ( Joh 13-17 ).

重新查詢 專卷研經 約翰福音系列
錯誤回報,請聯繫comm[@]fhl.net