{Was trodden} (epat(8874)h(885c)). First aorist passive indicative
of pate(935c), to tread. The image of treading out the grapes is a
familiar one in the East. Perhaps  Isa 63:3  is in mind. {Without
the city} (ex(9374)hen t(8873) pole(9373)). Ablative case with ex(9374)hen
(like ex(935c)). This was the usual place ( Heb 13:12 ). See
ex(9374)hen in  11:2 . Joel ( Joe 3:12 ) pictures the valley of
Jehoshaphat as the place of the slaughter of God's enemies. Cf.
 Zec 14:4 . {Blood from the winepress} (haima ek t(8873) l(886e)ou).
Bold imagery suggested by the colour of the grapes. {Unto the
bridles} (achri t(936e) chalin(936e)). Old word (from chala(935c) to
slacken), in N.T. only here and  Jas 3:3 . Bold picture. {As far
as a thousand and six hundred furlongs} (apo stadi(936e) chili(936e)
hexakosi(936e)). A peculiar use of apo, for "distance from (of)"
as also in  Joh 11:18  21:8 , somewhat like the use of pro in
 Joh 12:1 . The distance itself covers the length of Palestine,
but it is more likely that "the metaphor is worked out with the
exuberance of apocalyptic symbolism" (Swete) for the whole earth.